[[PageOutline]] = Ubuntu on Ventana= While Gateworks cannot fully support all Linux distros, it is relatively simple to overlay a Gateworks Ventana kernel onto any non-Gateworks third party Linux distro rootfs image. For a full list of Linux BSP's for Ventana see [wiki:ventana#bsp here] This page is dedicated details regarding running Ubuntu on an Gateworks Ventana Board. For a full Board Support Package providing building a Linux distro from source, please see the OpenWrt, Yocto, or Android BSP from the [wiki:ventana#bsp Ventana BSP] page See also: * The Gateworks Ventana [wiki:ventana#third_party_linux third party linux] page for more details on how to use other linux distro on Ventana. * [wiki:/ubuntu Gateworks Ubuntu Page for general notes] [=#prebuilt] == Gateworks pre-built Ubuntu Disk Images == Gateworks provides a pre-built Ubuntu firmware images for the Ventana Family: * Compressed Disk Image containing boot firmware, kernel and root filesystem '''(Recommended for microSD / eMMC booting)''' - [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/bionic-ventana.img.gz bionic-newport.img.gz] - To update the firmware on a microSD card see [wiki:linux/blockdev#UsingaDiskImage] * UBI images '''(Recommended for RAW NAND FLASH booting)''' - [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/bionic-ventana_normal.ubi bionic-ventana_normal.ubi] - UBI image for 2K page size 'normal' geometry FLASH - [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/bionic-ventana_large.ubi bionic-ventana_large.ubi] - UBI image for 4K page size 'large' geometry FLASH - see [wiki:/linux/ubi/#flashgeometry here] to determine your flash geometry - see [wiki:/linux/ubi#BasicMethod here] for info about flashing UBI images * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ubuntu/bionic/bionic-armhf.tar.xz bionic-armhf.tar.xz] - tarball of rootfs (not including kernel) you can use to image onto microSD / mSATA. See [wiki:linux/blockdev linux/blockdev] for instructions * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/gateworks-linux-4.20.tar.xz gateworks-linux-4.20.tar.xz] Kernel, device-tree, bootscript, and modules that can be combined with a root filesystem to create a bootable system. See [wiki:linux/blockdev linux/blockdev] for instructions '''Login Information (default)''' * Username: root * Password: root Features: - Ubuntu arm core (created via debootstrap) - Gateworks Ventana Linux kernel (Linux 4.20 based) - eth0 dhcp with a 30 second timeout - User: root password: root - Packages installed on top of core including: * Updated modemmanager/libqmi-utils/libmbim-utils (see [wiki:ubuntu#modem ubuntu/modem]) * Misc wireless: wpasupplicant iw * Misc utils: vim can-utils i2c-tools usbutils pciutils screen watchdog binutils * Misc network: wget ethtool iperf iperf3 openssh-server iptables * Linux firmware * mmc-utils from https://packages.debian.org/sid/utils/mmc-utils * Gateworks [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Gateworks/meta-gateworks/master/recipes-support/hostapd-conf/hostapd-conf/hostapd-conf hostapd-conf script] * Filesystem tools: e2fstools parted - first-boot script to grow root filesystem partition and filesystem (useful when putting disk images on removable storage devices) - use ifupdown tools instead of netplan (we find them easier to understand and configure) [[CollapsibleStart(Old Releases)]] Old Releases: * Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) console image - Important Notes: - This is a mainline kernel that does not have Video Hardware Acceleration support for gstreamer and a few other Gateworks specific items. For more information, read [wiki:ventana#MainlineLinuxKernelsupport Gateworks Mainline Linux Support]. - This requires the latest Gateworks Bootloader - U-Boot v2017.05 (see http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images and http://trac.gateworks.com/wiki/ventana/bootloader#PreBuiltBootloader) - A pre-built console image created using the [#debootstrap debootstrap] method for [http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/ Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)] can be downloaded: * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/xenial-ventana_normal.ubi xenial-ventana_normal.ubi] - UBI image for 2K page size 'normal' geometry FLASH (see [wiki:/linux/ubi/#flashgeometry here] to determine your flash geometry) - see [wiki:/linux/ubi#BasicMethod here] for info about flashing UBI images - sha256sum: 000c3fb814f1c0605dd904cab1b77131a5a69e72a145158685d402f0f03aedbf * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/xenial-ventana_large.ubi xenial-ventana_large.ubi] - UBI image for 4K page size 'large' geometry FLASH (see [wiki:/linux/ubi/#flashgeometry here] to determine your flash geometry) - see [wiki:/linux/ubi#BasicMethod here] for info about flashing UBI images - sha256sum: 590b4bc6af10fd8ff07061e73479fc5511fbe718a8b20e16cc6d9051e3ae5151 * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ubuntu/xenial/xenial-armhf.tar.xz xenial-armhf.tar.xz] - tarball of rootfs you can use to image onto microSD / mSATA - see [wiki:linux/blockdev linux/blockdev] for instructions - sha256sum: a03dede35c64a8e28a71279b262ae9092a29ca8fd7de0e09faba4c6cc1f1356b - Features: - Ubuntu 16.04 (from debootstrap instructions) - Ubuntu Xenial kernel (Linux 4.11 based) with drivers/firmware - custom bootscript supporting NAND/UBI, MMC, SATA, USB boot devices and root filesystems - extra packages: openssh-server can-utils i2c-tools usbutils pciutils - eth0 dhcp - user root passwd root * Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) console image - Important Notes: - This is a mainline kernel that does not have Video Hardware Acceleration support for gstreamer and a few other Gateworks specific items. For more information, read [wiki:ventana#MainlineLinuxKernelsupport Gateworks Mainline Linux Support]. - This requires the latest Gateworks Bootloader - U-Boot v2017.05 (see http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images and http://trac.gateworks.com/wiki/ventana/bootloader#PreBuiltBootloader) - A pre-built console image created using the [#debootstrap debootstrap] method for [http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/ Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr)] can be downloaded: * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/trusty-ventana_large.ubi trusty-ventana_large.ubi] - UBI image for 4K page size 'large' geometry FLASH (see [wiki:/linux/ubi/#flashgeometry here] to determine your flash geometry) (see wiki:/linux/ubi#BasicMethod for info about flashing UBI images) * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/trusty-ventana_normal.ubi trusty-ventana_normal.ubi] - UBI image for 2K page size 'large' geometry FLASH (see [wiki:/linux/ubi/#flashgeometry here] to determine your flash geometry) (see wiki:/linux/ubi#BasicMethod for info about flashing UBI images) * [http://dev.gateworks.com/ubuntu/trusty/trusty-ventana.tar.gz trusty-ventana.tar.gz] - tarball of rootfs you can use to image onto microSD / mSATA using instructions from [wiki:linux/blockdev linux/blockdev] - Features: - Ubuntu 14.04 (from debootstrap instructions) - Gateworks 3.14 kernel with modules - ventana bootscript - extra packages: openssh-server can-utils i2c-tools usbutils pciutils - eth0 dhcp - user root passwd root * Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) multimedia image - A pre-built console image created using the [#debootstrap debootstrap] method for [http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/ Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr)] and adding gstreamer-imx for IPU/VPU/GPU hw video acceleration can be downloaded: * [http://blog.gateworks.com/?wpdmpro=trusty-armhf-ventana_20160112_large.ubi trusty-armhf-ventana_20160112_large.ubi] - UBI image for 4K page size 'large' geometry FLASH (see [wiki:/linux/ubi/#flashgeometry here] to determine your flash geometry) (see wiki:/linux/ubi#BasicMethod for info about flashing UBI images) * [http://blog.gateworks.com/?wpdmpro=trusty-armhf-ventana_20160112.tar.gz trusty-armhf-ventana_20160112.tar.gz] - tarball of rootfs you can use to image onto microSD / mSATA using instructions from [wiki:linux/blockdev linux/blockdev] - Features: - Ubuntu 14.04 (from debootstrap instructions) - Gateworks 3.14 kernel with modules - ventana bootscript - extra packages: openssh-server can-utils i2c-tools usbutils pciutils - eth0 dhcp - user root passwd root - gstreamer (gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-alsa) - fsl vpu firmware - fsl lib-vpu - fsl codec library - fsl libg2d - dev tools (build-essential autoconf libtool wget python pkg-config git) - python - gstreamer/gstreamer-imx/libimxvpuapi - v4l-utils - For details on Gstreamer and Gstreamer-imx see our [wiki:Yocto/gstreamer page] [[CollapsibleEnd]] [=#rootfs] [=#debootstrap] == Building the Root Filesystem via debootstrap A popular way to create a Ubuntu root filesystem is to use the {{{deboostrap}}} utility on a Debian or Ubuntu host. This tool provides a 2-stage install where the second stage is within a chroot environment using qemu-arm. Gateworks uses a script to do this which you may find at ​http://github.com/Gateworks/ubuntu-rootfs Requirements: - Linux Ubuntu or Debian System with network connection and sudo permissions - Linux Kernel - Ventana target board with bootloader - Boot device with 2GB+ of free space (micro-SD, USB mass storage, mSATA, 1GB/2GB NAND flash) Important notes: * These steps are not always exactly what we do in our script but give you an idea of how you would go about doing it yourself if you wanted to customize something * We set and use '''target''' and '''distro''' env variables in step 2 and use those env variables in the remaining steps to make this tutorial more version-agnostic. Please be aware of this and do not deviate from the steps unless or until you completely understand what you are doing. * While operating under the qemu chroot (ie on the host system) you may encounter 'qemu: Unsupported syscall'. Note that messages from QEMU about unsupported syscalls are often harmless, because typically they only appear for relatively new syscalls which QEMU hasn't implemented yet. The guest code will have a fallback path so it works on older kernels which don't implement the syscall, so a message is printed but the application still runs. So if the guest program is failing then it is quite likely to be for an entirely unrelated reason to the missing syscalls. Host specific notes: * Ubuntu 16.04: - **qemu: Unsupported syscall: 373**: an [https://salsa.debian.org/kernel-team/initramfs-tools/commit/b4804dd update] to initramfs-tools adds a 'sync -f' which isn't supported on qemu-2.5 used by Xenial 16.04. This is fixed in qemu-2.11 (used on Ubuntu 18.04 and beyond). This will cause initramfs updates to fail which may be used if you are trying to use a kernel needing an initramfs. To work around the issue you can comment out the 'sync -f' call in update-initramfs: {{{#!bash sed -i 's/sync/#sync/' /usr/sbin/update-initramfs dpkg --configure -a # re-run any halted postinst scripts }}} Steps: 1. Install pre-requisites: {{{ #!bash sudo apt-get install qemu-user-static debootstrap binfmt-support }}} 2. Perform first stage install of minimal filesystem: {{{ #!bash target=rootfs distro=bionic sudo debootstrap --arch=armhf --foreign $distro $target # copy qemu-arm-static binary for the binfmt packages to find it and copy in resolv.conf from host sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static $target/usr/bin }}} * See http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/ and https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases for a list of Ubuntu releases. For example: 18.04=bionic (latest LTS), 16.04=xenial, 14.04=trusty * this minimal rootfs is still missing some core packages and configuration before it can be booted. These steps are taken care of in a 2nd stage install within a chroot shell * the chroot shell below will provide network support (inherited from the host) 3. we now have a minimal Ubuntu rootfs - chroot to it and perform the 2nd stage install: {{{ #!bash sudo chroot $target # now we are in the chroot distro=bionic export LANG=C # setup second stage /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage }}} * this is the most minimal rootfs we would recommend 4. (optional) add additional apt package repos: {{{ #!bash cat < /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports $distro main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports $distro-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports $distro-security main restricted universe multiverse EOT }}} * you may want to customize the above list, depending on your needs. See [#packages below] for more detail on Ubuntu package feeds 5. (optional) update package database and setup locales (do not skip this step if you are needing to install any packages for the steps below or otherwise) {{{ #!bash apt-get update apt-get -f install # fixup missing package dependencies apt-get install locales dialog dpkg-reconfigure locales }}} 6. set hostname: {{{ #!bash echo ${distro}-armhf > /etc/hostname }}} 7. create a default fstab: {{{ #!bash cat < /etc/fstab /dev/root / auto defaults 1 1 EOT }}} * Note that this not required if you pass in 'rw' on the kernel cmdline. However while that is the default for the Ventana bootscripts for removeable storage it is not for NAND boot, therefore we will add a default fstab that will re-mount the kernel mounted rootfs as read-write * /dev/root in /etc/fstab will refer to the rootfs mounted by the kernel, thus the above entry simply re-mounts rootfs as read-write 8. set a root passwd so you can login {{{ #!bash passwd }}} - or consider adding a user via {{{adduser}}}: {{{ #!bash adduser myuser usermod -a -G tty myuser # add to tty group for tty access usermod -a -G dialout myuser # add to dialout group for UART access usermod -a -G sudo myuser # add to sudo group for root access }}} 9. (optional) configure networking: - wired ethernet with DHCP on eth0 {{{#!bash apt-get install net-tools ifupdown cat <> /etc/network/interfaces allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp EOF }}} - or static IP: {{{#!bash apt-get install net-tools ifupdown cat <> /etc/network/interfaces allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.254 EOF }}} - or wireless (requires ~3MB of additional packages): {{{ #!bash apt-get install wpasupplicant iw cat << EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces # Wireless interface auto wlan0 iface wlan0 inet dhcp wireless_mode managed wireless_essid any wpa-driver nl80211 wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf EOF wpa_passphrase >> /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf }}} 10. (optional) install some useful packages {{{ #!bash apt-get install openssh-server # ssh server for remote access apt-get install can-utils i2c-tools usbutils pciutils # cmdline tools for various Ventana hardware support }}} * Note that by default root ssh access is disabled for security. See [wiki:/ubuntu#SSHServer this link] for info on enabling it 11. install a kernel and kernel support (kernel+dtbs+modules+firmware+initrd). You have several options here (see [#kernels above] for more details). Gateworks recomends using a Gateworks pre-built kernel: a. **(recommended)** Gateworks Pre-built kernel (includes the same kernel drivers typically found on Ubuntu kernels including video capture/display and is built by Gateworks): {{{ #!bash cd / wget http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/gateworks-linux-4.20.tar.xz tar -xvf gateworks-linux-4.20.tar.xz --keep-directory-symlink depmod $(ls /lib/modules/) # create module dependencies rm gateworks-linux-4.20.tar.xz }}} * the {{{depmod}}} trick above is to run depmod with the exact kernel version (which will be the subdir in /lib/modules). An alternative is to run {{{depmod}}} after the first boot * this kernel is recommended over the Ubuntu built kernel because it a) enables some drivers/features that Ubuntu leaves out, such as video capture b) may have patches for features that are not yet in mainline linux c) enables everything needed to boot from a Gateworks board static so that you do not need an initrd. a. Build your own kernel and install it as above with proper bootscript - see [wiki:linux/kernel#building] for more info (you can do this on a development host with a cross-toolchain or even even install development tools via the '''build-essential''' meta-package and build and install sources such as the kernel below (adds appx 180MB)) a. Ubuntu Pre-built kernel (includes the most kernel drivers and is built by and supported by Ubuntu): {{{#!bash # disable flash-kernel as its not needed and will otherwise error out echo "FLASH_KERNEL_SKIP=1" >> /etc/environment export FLASH_KERNEL_SKIP=1 # and export it for current operations # install kernel/firmware/headers apt-get install linux-generic # install mkimage apt-get install u-boot-tools # create u-boot image for kernel mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none \ -a 0x10008000 -e 0x10008000 -n "linux" \ -d /boot/vmlinuz-*-generic /boot/uImage # install device-tree blobs cp /lib/firmware/*-generic/device-tree/imx6*-gw*.dtb /boot #blacklist imx rtc driver, Gateworks board uses GSC RTC, and does not use imx RTC echo "blacklist rtc_snvs" > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rtc.conf }}} a. Gateworks pre-built downstream vendor kernel: 3.14 kernel supporting full video input (which is not currently in upstream Linux) - ** use this if you are going to be using video input ** {{{ #!bash cd / wget http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/gateworks-linux-imx6-3.14.48.tar.gz tar -xvf gateworks-linux-imx6-3.14.48.tar.gz --keep-directory-symlink depmod $(ls /lib/modules/) # create module dependencies rm gateworks-linux-imx6-3.14.48.tar.gz }}} * the {{{depmod}}} trick above is to run depmod with the exact kernel version (which will be the subdir in /lib/modules). An alternative is to run {{{depmod}}} after the first boot a. Build your own kernel and install it as above with proper bootscript - see [wiki:linux/kernel#building] for more info (you can do this on a development host with a cross-toolchain or even even install development tools via the '''build-essential''' meta-package and build and install sources such as the kernel below (adds appx 180MB)) 12. exit the chroot shell and remove files we no longer need {{{ #!bash exit sudo rm $target/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static }}} * ''You may wish to move this file else place for later use should you wish to chroot again.'' 13. install to bootable media: * For a removable block storage device supported by your board such as a USB Mass Storage device, a microSD, an mSATA SSD the example below will create a single ext4 rootfs partition on a removable block storage device. Ensure you set DEVICE properly for your system. {{{ #!bash DEVICE=/dev/sdc # adjust per your system! MNT=/mnt # adjust per your system! # unmount all auto-mounted partitions for this device sudo umount ${DEVICE}? # partition disk - single ext partition printf ",,L,,\n" | sudo sfdisk -uS ${DEVICE} sync sudo mkfs.ext4 -O ^64bit -L rootfs ${DEVICE}1 # mount partition sudo mount ${DEVICE}1 $MNT # copy the root filesystem sudo cp -rupv $target/* $MNT/ # unmount the disk sudo umount ${DEVICE}1 }}} * To create a ubifs filesystem image and ubi image for flashing onto raw NAND see [wiki:linux/ubi#uboot-ubifs] [=#kernel] == Kernel While a kernel is not specifically part of a root filesystem it usually resides on the root filesystem. There are several kernel sources you can choose from: * Gateworks pre-built 4.20 kernel (**recommended**) * Gateworks pre-built 3.14 kernel * Ubuntu built kernel * Kernel built by hand === Gateworks built kernel Gateworks periodically updates their pre-built IMX6 kernel release and it is easy to install on a running system: {{{#!bash wget http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/gateworks-linux-4.20.7.tar.xz tar -C / -xvf gateworks-linux-4.20.7.tar.xz --keep-directory-symlink rm gateworks-linux-4.20.7.tar.xz }}} If you want to clean out old kernels no longer used, you can remove the directory of modules in /lib/modules/ Benefits of using the Gateworks kernel: * contains all drivers 'static' required to boot off boot devices supported by Gateworks boards (ie NAND, SATA, MMC, USB Mass storage all static in kernel) removing requirement for an 'inital ramdisk' (initrd) that Ubuntu Built kernels require * contains kernel patches that may not be in mainline yet * tested and supported by Gateworks === Ubuntu built kernel Ubuntu releases are based on a specific major kernel version. However over time the Ubuntu team releases new major kernel version updates for specific distro versions. An {{{apt-get install linux-image}}} will not change the kernel major version and you have to specifically install a new major version to switch to it. It is recommended that you use the Gateworks kernel above for the following reasons: * Ubuntu built kernels can require initrd for some boot devices complicating things (ie NAND and USB Mass Storage are kernel modules) * Ubuntu built kernels may be configured in ways not appropriate for Gateworks boards (ie the DS1672 RTC driver is not static which complicates restoring system time on boot from the GSC provided RTC) If you wish to use an Ubuntu built kernel here are some notes but Gateworks can not support you if you run into issues as we don't maintain this kernel. To install a specific kernel image search for available packages and pick the version you want. For example if wanting the 4-15.0-34-generic kernel: {{{#!bash apt-get update apt-get install linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic # install mkimage apt-get install u-boot-tools # create u-boot image for kernel mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none \ -a 0x10008000 -e 0x10008000 -n "linux" \ -d /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-34-generic /boot/uImage # install device-tree blobs cp /lib/firmware/4.15.0-34-generic/device-tree/imx6*-gw*.dtb /boot #blacklist imx rtc driver, Gateworks board uses GSC RTC, and does not use imx RTC echo "blacklist rtc_snvs" > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rtc.conf # create u-boot image for initrd mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk \ -a 0x0 -e 0x0 -n "initrd" \ -d /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-34-generic /boot/uramdisk }}} - use {{{apt-cache search linux-image}}} to determine what Ubuntu kernel versions are available If you want to clean out old kernels no longer used you can use {{{apt list --installed | grep linux}}} to list installed packages and remove them (remove linux-headers, linux-image, linux-modules for example). For example if you want to remove the 4.15.0-42-generic packages: {{{#!bash apt purge linux-image-4.15.0-42-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-42-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-42 }}} - modify the above to remove the specific version(s) you want to remove If booting from boot media that requires kernel modules you need to create an initrd: * The default Ubuntu kernel supports booting a microSD/SATA rootfs directly, but lacks nand/ubifs/ubi/usb-storage support. If you need that (and have a large enough flash to boot from that) you will need to use the Ubuntu initrd: - add NAND/ubifs/usb-storage modules to the initrd: {{{#!bash cat << EOF >> /etc/initramfs-tools/modules # for NAND/ubi gpmi_nand ubi mtd=2 ubifs # for usb-storage ci_hdrc_imx usb-storage EOF update-initramfs -u # press 'Enter' when prompted # create u-boot image for initrd mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk \ -a 0x0 -e 0x0 -n "initrd" \ -d /boot/initrd.img-*-generic /boot/uramdisk }}} You will need to create a boot script that sets kernel cmdline properly based on boot device and loads the Ubuntu initrd if needed. You can do this on the target board: {{{#!bash # The Gateworks bootscript is a good starting point wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Gateworks/linux-imx6/gateworks_4.20.7/gwventana_bootscript -O /boot/6x_bootscript-ventana.txt # re-enable ramdisk when its needed sed -i 's/^setenv rd_addr$/#setenv rd_addr/' /boot/6x_bootscript-ventana.txt mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -n bootscript -d /boot/6x_bootscript-ventana.txt /boot/6x_bootscript-ventana }}} == version-specific notes Here are some version specific notes === trusty (14.04) LTS - An extra step is needed for serial console configuration: {{{ #!bash cat << EOT >> /etc/init/serial.conf start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345] stop on runlevel [!2345] respawn exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttymxc1 EOT }}} [=#gstreamer-imx] == Adding GStreamer IPU/VPU/GPU support via gstreamer-imx (**Trusty**) **Note: This section pertains only to the Gateworks downstream vendor 3.14 kernel with proprietary Freescale Drivers (Trusty Prebuilt image)** If using the Gateworks downstream vendor 3.14 kernel with proprietary Freescale drivers you can easily add IMX6 IPU, VPU, and GPU support via GStreamer and Gstreamer-imx plugins. Many of the pieces needed (firmware and source-code) are from Freescale and not freely redistributable thus must be downloaded from their mirror and extracted from a shell script that forces you to read and agree to their End User License Agreement (EULA). This support requires that you are using the Gateworks downstream vendor kernel as it has the necessary driver support that is not in the mainline Linux kernel. '''This procedure has not been proven on versions newer than Trusty. ''' There are several pre-requisites you will need to install and/or build using the instructions below: - Gateworks downstream vendor kernel (containing non-upstreamed IPU/VPU/GPU drivers) with kernel headers. See [wiki:linux/kernel here] for instructions on building, or [http://dev.gateworks.com/ventana/images/gateworks-linux-imx6-3.14.48.tar.gz here] for a pre-built kernel tarball - gstreamer and libs - firmware-imx-3.14.28-1.0.0.bin - Freescale VPU firmware (EULA required) - imx-vpu-5.4.31.bin - Freescale lib_vpu (EULA required) - this is the low-level documented API that works with the (undocumented) VPU kernel driver API. You can think of this as a kernel driver in userspace - libfslcodec-4.0.3.bin - Freescale Codec Library (EULA required) - imx-gpu-viv-5.0.11.p4.5-hfp.bin - Freescale libg2d (EULA required) - this is the low-level documented API that works with the (undocumented) Vivante Galcore GPU kernel driver API. You can think of this as a kernel driver in userspace - libimxvpuapi - community based open-source high-level library over the low-level imx-vpu API - gstreamer-imx - community based open-source GStreamer plugins to utilize hardware accellerated capture, display, transforms, compositing, decode, encode capabilities of the IMX6. The following instructions can be used on top of the [#debootstrap debootstrap created rootfs] but should work on other sources of Ubuntu or other Linux distributions root filesystems as well. 1. install build deps (~165MB): {{{ #!bash apt-get install build-essential autoconf libtool wget python pkg-config git }}} 2. install gstreamer1.x (~200MB): {{{ #!bash apt-get install gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-tools # install videoparserbad for video parsers like h264parse, mpegvideoparse and mpeg4videoparse apt-get install gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad # install alsa plugin apt-get install gstreamer1.0-alsa }}} * note that the gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad meta-package is in the multiverse package feed * at this point you could use 'gst-launch-1.0 videotestsrc ! fbdevsink' but it will not stretch to the display, and will not be hardware accelerated 3. install Freescale VPU firmware (firmware-imx) (EULA required) {{{ #!bash wget http://www.freescale.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/firmware-imx-3.14.28-1.0.0.bin /bin/sh firmware-imx-*.bin # install firmware mkdir -p /lib/firmware/vpu cp firmware-imx-*/firmware/vpu/vpu_fw_imx6*.bin /lib/firmware/vpu }}} 4. build and install Freescale lib_vpu (EULA required) {{{ #!bash wget http://www.freescale.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/imx-vpu-5.4.31.bin /bin/sh imx-vpu-*.bin cd imx-vpu-* make PLATFORM=IMX6Q all make install # installs vpu_lib.h and vpu_io.h in /usr/include and libvpu.* in /usr/lib cd .. }}} 5. (optional) build and install Freescale Codec Library (libfslcodec) (EULA required) {{{ #!bash wget http://www.freescale.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/libfslcodec-4.0.3.bin /bin/sh libfslcodec-*.bin cd libfslcodec-* ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr --enable-fhw --enable-vpu make all make install # move the libs where gstreamer plugins will find them mv /usr/lib/imx-mm/video-codec/* /usr/lib mv /usr/lib/imx-mm/audio-codec/* /usr/lib rm -rf /usr/lib/imx-mm/ cd .. }}} * this is optional and is needed if you want the audio codec support in gstreamer-imx * Note the Makefile will install the libs into $prefix/lib/imx-mm which is undesirable so we move them after 'make install' 6. (optional) install Freescale libg2d (EULA required) {{{ #!bash wget http://www.freescale.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/imx-gpu-viv-5.0.11.p4.5-hfp.bin /bin/sh imx-gpu-viv-*.bin cd imx-gpu-viv-* # install just the g2d headers/libs cp g2d/usr/include/* /usr/include/ cp -d g2d/usr/lib/* /usr/lib/ # install gpu-core headers/libs cp -d gpu-core/usr/lib/*.so* /usr/lib/ cp -Pr gpu-core/usr/include/* /usr/include/ # optional: install demos cp -r gpu-demos/opt / # optional: install gpu tools cp -axr gpu-tools/gmem-info/usr/bin/* /usr/bin/ cd .. }}} * this is part of the Freescale Vivante GPU driver and apps (imx-gpu-viv) package which provides libgl/libgles1/libgles2/wayland-egl/libgal-x11/egl/libopenvg/libg2d * it comes in soft-float (sfp) and hard-float (hfp) - we want the hard-float as we are using an armhf rootfs * this is not required but needed for the gstreamer-imx g2d transform and sink plugins 7. build and install libimxvpuapi library: - This library provides a community based open-source API to the Freescale imx-vpu library (the low-level IMX6 VPU interface). It is a replacement for Freescale's closed-development libfslvapwrapper library. {{{ #!bash git clone git://github.com/Freescale/libimxvpuapi.git cd libimxvpuapi ./waf configure --prefix=/usr ./waf ./waf install cd .. }}} 8. build and install gstreamer-imx: {{{ #!bash apt-get install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-dev # +70MB git clone git://github.com/Freescale/gstreamer-imx.git cd gstreamer-imx ln -s /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gstreamer-1.0/ /usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0 ./waf configure --prefix=/usr --kernel-headers=/include ./waf ./waf install cd .. }}} * note './waf install' installs artifacts to its prefix + /lib/gstreamer-1.0 but they need to be installed to /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gstreamer-1.0 which is why we created a symlink above before installing * note the uniaudio decoder codecs are from Freescale (found in the fsl-mm-codeclib package) and you do not need these unless you want to use FSL's audio codecs instead of the GStreamer ones * note g2d lib required to build G2D * note that linux kernel headers are required to build PxP and IPU * note that libfslaudiocodec is required to build audio plugins * After this step you should be able to see several plugins with {{{gst-inspect-1.0}}}: {{{ #!bash # gst-inspect-1.0 | grep imx imxv4l2videosrc: imxv4l2videosrc: V4L2 CSI Video Source imxipu: imxipucompositor: Freescale IPU video compositor imxipu: imxipuvideosink: Freescale IPU video sink imxipu: imxipuvideotransform: Freescale IPU video transform imxpxp: imxpxpvideotransform: Freescale PxP video transform imxpxp: imxpxpvideosink: Freescale PxP video sink imxvpu: imxvpuenc_mjpeg: Freescale VPU motion JPEG video encoder imxvpu: imxvpuenc_mpeg4: Freescale VPU MPEG-4 video encoder imxvpu: imxvpuenc_h264: Freescale VPU h.264 video encoder imxvpu: imxvpuenc_h263: Freescale VPU h.263 video encoder imxvpu: imxvpudec: Freescale VPU video decoder imxg2d: imxg2dcompositor: Freescale G2D video compositor imxg2d: imxg2dvideotransform: Freescale G2D video transform imxg2d: imxg2dvideosink: Freescale G2D video sink }}} 9. install a U-Boot bootscript to setup kernel parameters for your display output: {{{ #!bash apt-get install u-boot-tools wget https://github.com/Freescale/meta-freescale-3rdparty/raw/master/recipes-bsp/u-boot/u-boot-script-gateworks-imx/6x_bootscript-yocto.txt mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n "boot script" -d 6x_bootscript-yocto.txt /boot/6x_bootscript-ventana reboot # reboot to setup bootargs for display }}} * The Freescale IMX6 display drivers use kernel parameters to configure what display outputs to enable and in what format. What displays, resolutions, and formats affect how much contiguous memory is needed (CMA) as well. The Gateworks Yocto BSP has a bootscript that configures connected displays based on various rules and we will use this here. See http://trac.gateworks.com/wiki/Yocto/Video_Out#DisplaysDevices for more info Now you will be able to use Gstreamer and Gstreamer-imx to tap the full potential of the IMX IPU/VPU/GPU hardware. Examples: * show gstreamer-imx plugins: {{{ #!bash # gst-inspect-1.0 | grep imx imxvpu: imxvpuenc_mjpeg: Freescale VPU motion JPEG video encoder imxvpu: imxvpuenc_mpeg4: Freescale VPU MPEG-4 video encoder imxvpu: imxvpuenc_h264: Freescale VPU h.264 video encoder imxvpu: imxvpuenc_h263: Freescale VPU h.263 video encoder imxvpu: imxvpudec: Freescale VPU video decoder imxv4l2videosrc: imxv4l2videosrc: V4L2 CSI Video Source imxg2d: imxg2dcompositor: Freescale G2D video compositor imxg2d: imxg2dvideotransform: Freescale G2D video transform imxg2d: imxg2dvideosink: Freescale G2D video sink imxipu: imxipucompositor: Freescale IPU video compositor imxipu: imxipuvideosink: Freescale IPU video sink imxipu: imxipuvideotransform: Freescale IPU video transform imxpxp: imxpxpvideotransform: Freescale PxP video transform imxpxp: imxpxpvideosink: Freescale PxP video sink }}} * imxipuvideosink: {{{ #!bash gst-launch-1.0 videotestsrc ! imxipuvideosink }}} * imxg2dvideosink: {{{ #!bash gst-launch-1.0 videotestsrc ! imxg2dvideosink }}} See the [wiki:Yocto/gstreamer Gstreamer wiki page] for more details.